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NeuralGCM

Google
open weights / Overall score: 2.4

NeuralGCM is a hybrid machine-learning and physics atmospheric model from Google Research that couples learned parameterizations to the Dinosaur dynamical core. It runs weather forecasts and multi-decade climate simulations from ERA5 states, and ships deterministic checkpoints at three horizontal resolutions plus a stochastic one.

The repository README points to the documentation site, which is where the checkpoints, data preparation, and the limits of the released training code are described. Verified 2026-09-10 via the NeuralGCM documentation, repository, and GitHub API.

Openness

3 high confidence
3.0
weights
open(CC-BY-SA-4.0 checkpoints on an anonymously readable Google Cloud bucket)
data
documented-not-released(ERA5 inputs, forcings and pressure levels specified with ARCO-ERA5 named as the source
code
partial(inference API, regridding utilities, and reference_code carrying per-checkpoint training configs and loss code, but its entry point imports google_proprietary_code, a package that is not published, so the training path cannot run)
license
CC-BY-SA-4.0(permissive non-OSI)

Apache-2.0 governs the code but the trained weights carry CC-BY-SA-4.0, which is the license that counts here - permissive, share-alike, and not OSI-approved. `code` is partial for a concrete reason rather than the docs' hedge: reference_code ships the per-checkpoint .gin training configs, train_utils.py and the loss code, but experiment.py imports google_proprietary_code, which is not published, so the training path cannot be executed. The docs say the maintainers "would love to support training, modifying and fine-tuning" and are refactoring to make it easier - not that it is unsupported.

Adoption

1 high confidence
1.0

Re-banded off stars. The record previously said no download count existed; one does. The project's quickstart installs with `pip install -q -U neuralgcm gcsfs`, which makes PyPI provably the product's own channel and its primary one - the two conditions docs/reference/adoption.md sets before a package may band a head product. 8,480 downloads in the trailing 30 days puts it at level 1, one below the 1,014 GitHub stars it used to carry, and adoption.md is explicit that a stars_fallback band re-bands the moment a download signal exists.

Capability

3 high confidence
3.0

Two attributes. Adaptation is explicitly uncounted because the documentation says training and fine-tuning are not supported and ship only as pseudo-code; the checkpoint-modification recipe changes outputs, not learned parameters.

  • https://neuralgcm.readthedocs.io/en/latest/checkpoint_modifications.html recorded 2026-09-10

    Distributes deterministic checkpoints at 0.7, 1.4 and 2.8 degrees plus a stochastic 1.4-degree model, and discusses long integrations and the stability of the simulated global mean surface pressure.

  • https://neuralgcm.readthedocs.io/en/latest/ recorded 2026-09-10

    Describes NeuralGCM as a hybrid ML and physics atmospheric model for weather and climate simulation built on the Dinosaur dynamical core, and says the maintainers "would love to support training, modifying and fine-tuning NeuralGCM models" but that the Haiku and Gin codebase makes it "much trickier than it needs to be", with pseudo-code for training in reference_code.

Verified 2026-09-10