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NeuralGCM

Google
open weights / Overall score: 2.4

NeuralGCM is a hybrid machine-learning and physics atmospheric model from Google Research that couples learned parameterizations to the Dinosaur dynamical core. It runs weather forecasts and multi-decade climate simulations from ERA5 states, and ships deterministic checkpoints at three horizontal resolutions plus a stochastic one.

The repository README points to the documentation site, which is where the checkpoints, data preparation, and the limits of the released training code are described.

Openness

3 high confidence
3.0
weights
open(CC-BY-SA-4.0 checkpoints on an anonymously readable Google Cloud bucket)
data
documented-not-released(ERA5 inputs, forcings and pressure levels specified with ARCO-ERA5 named as the source
code
partial(inference API, regridding utilities, and reference_code carrying per-checkpoint training configs and loss code, but its entry point imports google_proprietary_code, a package that is not published, so the training path cannot run)
license
CC-BY-SA-4.0(permissive non-OSI)

Apache-2.0 covers the code, but the trained weights carry CC-BY-SA-4.0, a share-alike, non-OSI license, and that is the license that applies to the released model. The training code is only partly public: the reference code ships per-checkpoint configs, training utilities and loss code, but the experiment script imports an unpublished Google-internal module, so the training path cannot be run.

Adoption

1 high confidence
1.0

The project's own quickstart installs the package with pip, making PyPI downloads of the neuralgcm package the product's own primary channel, so adoption is measured from PyPI rather than falling back to GitHub stars.

Capability

3 high confidence
3.0

Two attributes. Adaptation is explicitly uncounted because the documentation says training and fine-tuning are not supported and ship only as pseudo-code; the checkpoint-modification recipe changes outputs, not learned parameters.

  • https://neuralgcm.readthedocs.io/en/latest/ recorded 2026-09-10

    Describes NeuralGCM as a hybrid ML and physics atmospheric model for weather and climate simulation built on the Dinosaur dynamical core, and says the maintainers "would love to support training, modifying and fine-tuning NeuralGCM models" but that the Haiku and Gin codebase makes it "much trickier than it needs to be", with pseudo-code for training in reference_code.

  • https://neuralgcm.readthedocs.io/en/latest/checkpoint_modifications.html recorded 2026-09-10

    Distributes deterministic checkpoints at 0.7, 1.4 and 2.8 degrees plus a stochastic 1.4-degree model, and discusses long integrations and the stability of the simulated global mean surface pressure.

Verified 2026-09-10