Back to Gap Map Infrastructure / Storage & Retrieval

Qdrant

Qdrant
open source / Overall score: 3.4

Qdrant is a vector database and similarity search engine written in Rust. It stores vectors with JSON payloads that queries can filter on, and supports dense, sparse and multivector search, hybrid queries and quantization. Teams run it self-hosted from a Docker image or use the managed Qdrant Cloud service.

Openness

5 high confidence
5.0
license
Apache-2.0(OSI, engine core)
source
public(Rust)
managed-tier
Qdrant Cloud (hosted, paid + free tier)
core features withheld
no — one LICENSE file and no ee/, enterprise/ or commercial/ path at the repository root or among the lib/ crates. The pricing table marks Shard Splitting absent from open source and the documentation calls resharding Cloud-only, but the code is in lib/collection and turns on with the cluster.resharding_enabled setting, off by default, with no license check. GPU Indexing is marked as included in open source, so what is sold is operations around the engine

Qdrant's engine ships under Apache-2.0 from a repository with one license file and no enterprise directory. Resharding, which the pricing page and documentation reserve for Qdrant Cloud, is in the open source behind a configuration switch that is off by default, and what the paid tier otherwise adds is operations such as SLAs, managed backups and SSO.

Adoption

3 medium confidence
3.0

Qdrant is a server. Its Python client, qdrant-client, is left out because client installs can vary independently of server deployments. The score comes from Docker Hub pulls of the server image averaged over the image's lifetime, so for a product still growing it is a floor rather than a ceiling.

Capability

4 medium confidence
4.0

Qdrant is a complete, distributed vector engine comparable to Milvus. It fuses scores over vectors the caller supplies rather than hosting and evaluating models inside the serving path, as Vespa does.

  • https://ann-benchmarks.com/ recorded 2026-09-30

    ANN-Benchmarks page headed "Benchmarks for Single Queries" links "Milvus(Knowhere)" and a "qdrant" algorithm entry among its results, with plots per dataset and no ranking table.

  • https://qdrant.tech/benchmarks/ recorded 2026-09-30

    Vendor benchmark says Qdrant "achieves highest RPS and lowest latencies in almost all the scenarios" and its meta keywords include "Qdrant vs Milvus".

  • https://qdrant.tech/documentation/concepts/hybrid-queries/ recorded 2026-09-30

    Hybrid queries page documents "Reciprocal Rank Fusion (RRF)" and "Distribution-Based Score Fusion (DBSF)" fusion plus a "Multivectors and Late Interaction" section.

  • https://qdrant.tech/documentation/guides/quantization/ recorded 2026-09-30

    Quantization guide says users can "compress high-dimensional vectors, reduce memory footprint, and accelerate similarity search while preserving recall quality."

  • https://raw.githubusercontent.com/qdrant/qdrant/master/README.md recorded 2026-09-30

    README says "Qdrant supports dense vectors for semantic similarity, sparse vectors for full-text search, and multivector search for objects with multiple embeddings or late interaction models like ColBERT." and "Scale horizontally with sharding and replication, and update or resize collections with zero downtime."

Verified 2026-09-24