GPT-4.1
OpenAIPrevious-generation general-purpose instruction-tuned model (April 2025). Strong on HumanEval and real-world coding with 1M token context, but two numerical generations behind by mid-2026; OpenAI's current production line is GPT-5 → 5.2 → 5.4 → 5.5 (April 23, 2026), with GPT-5.5 Pro and 5.5 Instant variants. GPT-4.1 remains available via API and is still used in legacy integrations.
OpenAI GPT-4.1 (+ mini, nano), released Apr 14 2025 as API-first coding/instruct models with 1M-token context. Post-trained instruct (non-reasoning) model, closed/API-only. Verified via OpenAI announcement coverage + InfoQ/TechCrunch June 2026; GPT-4.5 Preview deprecated July 2025 in its favor; now itself behind the GPT-5 line.
Openness
1 high confidence- weights
- closed
- data
- closed
- code
- closed
- license
- Proprietary(API-only)
Proprietary OpenAI API model; no weights/data/code released. Absorbed the duplicate base_pretrained record on 2026-07-29, which contributed OpenAI's own model docs as a primary source alongside the press coverage, and the exact context window (1,047,576 tokens).
- https://developers.openai.com/api/docs/models/gpt-4.1 recorded 2026-06-04
OpenAI's own model page: API-only, no downloadable weights, 1,047,576-token context, knowledge cutoff Jun 2024
- https://techcrunch.com/2025/04/14/openais-new-gpt-4-1-models-focus-on-coding/ recorded 2026-06-04
GPT-4.1 family is API-only, coding-focused, released Apr 14 2025
- https://www.infoq.com/news/2025/05/openai-gpt-4-1/ recorded 2026-06-04
GPT-4.1 family with 1M-token context, API release
Adoption
4 low confidenceGPT-4.1 was an API-first developer/coding model (initially not in ChatGPT default), widely adopted as a cheaper GPT-4o replacement and integrated across tooling. No primary per-model usage count disclosed; level 4 reflects broad developer-platform distribution as a major OpenAI API model rather than a verified figure. Treat as directional.
- https://techcrunch.com/2025/04/14/openais-new-gpt-4-1-models-focus-on-coding/ recorded 2026-06-04
GPT-4.1 positioned as primary API coding model replacing GPT-4o
Capability
3 high confidenceSolid non-reasoning coding model at Apr 2025 (54.6 SWE-bench, +21pts over GPT-4o), but well below 2026 reasoning frontier (o3 71.7, GPT-5 74.9, Opus 4.8 88.6). Mid-tier, frontier-relative. Headline 54.6% re-sourced to OpenAI primary announcement (was aggregator-only).
- https://openai.com/index/gpt-4-1/ recorded 2026-06-04
OpenAI primary announcement: GPT-4.1 SWE-bench Verified 54.6% vs GPT-4o 33.2%, 1M-token context (corroborated by InfoQ/TechCrunch)
- https://www.helicone.ai/blog/gpt-4.1-full-developer-guide recorded 2026-06-04
GPT-4.1 SWE-bench Verified 54.6% vs GPT-4o 33.2%
- https://www.infoq.com/news/2025/05/openai-gpt-4-1/ recorded 2026-06-04
GPT-4.1 benchmark improvements over GPT-4o/4.5 and 1M context
Unchanged since 2026-07-29 (last edited, not re-checked)